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Wang Xiji, pioneer of China's space program, dies at 105_我的网站
一 | (ECNS) -- Wang Xiji, one of the pioneers of China's space program, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and recipient of the "Two Bombs, One Satellite" Meritorious Service Medal, died in Beijing on Wednesday at the age of 105 after an illness. The China Academy of Space Technology said his death was a great loss to China's space program, expressing deep condolences and remembrance for the scientist who devoted his entire life to the country's aerospace endeavors. In November 1958, shortly after the launch of the call that "we should also develop artificial satellites," Wang was transferred to the Shanghai Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Design under the Chinese Academy of Sciences, where he became the technical leader for sounding rockets. At the beginning of the project, working conditions were extremely rudimentary. The team had no experience, reference materials or experts, and had to start from scratch. With only hand-operated calculating devices available, several team members worked day and night for more than two months to calculate a single flight trajectory. With no launch site, they used a rice paddy on the outskirts of Shanghai as a makeshift launch pad. They hoisted the rocket onto its launch stand with a winch and pressurized the propellant using a hand pump. On Feb. 19, 1960, Wang and his team successfully launched China's first sounding rocket, the T-7M, from the rice field. Although the rocket reached an altitude of only 8 kilometers, the launch marked a crucial first step in China's journey into space. During the subsequent development of the Long March-1 rocket, Wang innovatively integrated technologies from sounding rockets and missiles. He formulated the technical plan for Long March-1, China's first satellite launch vehicle, and led the development of its overall design and prototype. His work laid an important foundation for the successful launch of China's first satellite. In February 1968, Wang joined the newly established China Academy of Space Technology and continued to devote himself to China's space program. On April 24, 1970, China successfully launched its first artificial Earth satellite, Dongfanghong-1, into space aboard a Long March-1 rocket, becoming the fifth country in the world to independently launch a satellite into orbit. On Nov. 26, 1975, China successfully launched its first recoverable satellite. While the nation celebrated the successful launch, Wang hurried to the satellite tracking and control center, knowing that the mission would not be considered a complete success until the satellite returned safely to Earth. He stayed awake for three days and three nights. Only when he saw the red-and-white parachute appearing in the sky did he finally relax. The successful recovery brought back China's first batch of high-resolution remote-sensing film covering the country, providing basic data for national land surveys, topographic mapping and other applications. China thus became the third country, after the United States and the Soviet Union, to master recoverable satellite technology. Wang said he felt the main meaning of life lies in participating in the great cause of socialist construction and contributing his share to it. "I understand the cause of the Party and have made up my mind to strive to become a Communist," Wang wrote in his application to join the Communist Party of China. He remained committed throughout his life to his belief that "one should strive to be a Communist," and honored his lifelong pledge: "I am willing to be a paving stone for space." (By Gong Weiwei) 
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二 | A Mexican official on Monday confirmed a shocking video that emerged over the weekend of cartel gunmen forcing the drivers of about a dozen tanker trucks to dump their entire loads of gasoline into a field.The official, who was not authorized to be quoted by name, said the incident occurred last week in the border city of Matamoros, across from Brownsville, Texas, and was under investigation.The official said the gunmen had apparently forced the truck drivers to line their parked vehicles up on a dirt road to dump their cargo.Asked about the videos, President Andrés Manuel López Obrador acknowledged “there is resistance from criminals” in the area, long known for cartel violence, adding that “We continue to confront them.”In the video, a presumed member of the cartel can be heard mentioning the Gulf cartel faction known as The Scorpions, and saying all trucks carrying gasoline would suffer the same fate unless “they get in line,” or pay protection money to the gang.In the video, open valves on the bottom of the tankers could be seen spewing gasoline like fire hoses, as armed men looked on. “This is going to happen to all the grasshoppers,” a man's voice can be heard saying, an apparent reference to Mexican gang slang that compares those who “jump” through a cartel's territory to the hoppy insects.Criminals in the border state of Tamaulipas have long drilled into state-owned pipelines to steal fuel, but now an even more complex situation is taking place.Because of cross-border price differentials, it is sometimes profitable to import gasoline from Texas and sell it in Mexican border cities in Tamaulipas. López Obrador's administration has long complained that many of the truckers mislabel their cargo to avoid import tariffs.Others legally import U.S. gasoline, a practice the Mexican government dislikes because it reduces sales for the state-owned oil company.“We are there to protect the citizens of Tamaulipas, so they don't have to buy stolen or smuggled fuel,” López Obrador said Monday.But the Gulf drug cartel apparently demands money from both legal importers and those who seek to avoid paying import duties.One businessman who asked not to be identified for fear of reprisals said the gang is demanding a payment of $500 per truck even to allow legally imported gasoline through the city of Matamoros, an important border crossing.The businessman added that Tamaulipas authorities often provide escorts for tanker trucks precisely to prevent such attacks.It was the latest instance of lawlessness in Matamoros, where in March four Americans were shot at and abducted by a drug gang. The Americans were found days later, two dead, one wounded and without physical injuries.____Follow AP’s coverage of Latin America and the Caribbean at https://apnews.com/hub/latin-america。
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